Which of the following conditions may require a referral to a medical professional?

The condition that necessitates a referral to a medical professional is ingrown toenails. This issue occurs when the edge of a toenail grows into the surrounding skin, often causing pain, inflammation, and sometimes infection. While a nail technician can provide general nail care, ingrown toenails can lead to more severe complications if not treated properly. Medical intervention may be necessary to alleviate the discomfort and prevent further issues, such as the need for surgical intervention to remove part of the nail or to treat any underlying infections.

In contrast, nail polish applied incorrectly, dry cuticles, and hangnails are generally manageable through routine nail care and do not typically require a healthcare professional’s intervention. Nail technicians are trained to handle cosmetic issues and can usually address or advise clients on these conditions without the need for specialized medical treatment.